Igitabo Cyingenzi Kuri Bateri Yamashanyarazi

Batare ni imbaraga zikinyabiziga icyo aricyo cyose cyamashanyarazi, gutwara moteri no gutanga ubufasha bukenewe kugirango ugende.

Ariko, kubungabunga ipaki ya batiri, cyane cyane bateri ya Lithium-Ion, birashobora kugorana mugihe. Kwishyuza neza no kwirinda umutekano ni ngombwa kugirango tumenye imikorere ya bateri indi myaka 3-4.

Aka gatabo karimo ibintu byose ukeneye kumenya kuri bateri yumuriro wa trike, harimo inama zijyanye no guhitamo bateri nziza no kuzibungabunga.

Gusobanukirwa imikorere ya Bateri

Amashanyarazi akoresha moteri ikomeye kugirango atere imbere ikinyabiziga, bisaba ingufu nyinshi z'amashanyarazi. Aha niho bateri igira uruhare runini, itanga imbaraga zisabwa mugihe ikomeza kugenda.

Izi bateri zibika ingufu zamashanyarazi nkingufu za chimique, hanyuma igahinduka inyuma ishingiye kubisabwa na moteri.

Gukoresha bateri bikuraho gukenera amashanyarazi, kandi birashobora kubikwa neza mugihe bigumana ingufu zigihe kinini.

Ibigize ibikoresho bya Batiri yamashanyarazi

Amashanyarazi ya trike yamashanyarazi agizwe nibice byinshi byingenzi:

• Ingirabuzimafatizo: Batare igizwe na selile nyinshi ntoya, mubisanzwe 18650 Li-Ion selile, ihujwe murwego rumwe cyangwa urukurikirane rwo gukora selile nini cyangwa paki. Buri selile 18650 ibika amashanyarazi, agizwe na anode, cathode, na electrolyte.
• Sisitemu yo gucunga bateri (BMS): BMS ikurikirana voltage nubu biva muri selile zose zahujwe, ikemeza neza umusaruro. Ifasha gukumira igabanuka rya selile iyo ari yo yose itagira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwa bateri muri rusange.
• Umugenzuzi: Umugenzuzi akora nka hub hagati, gucunga moteri, kugenzura ibinyabiziga, kwerekana, sensor, hamwe nu nsinga. Irasobanura ibimenyetso biva kuri sensor na trottles, ikayobora bateri gutanga imbaraga nyazo zikenewe kugirango moteri itwarwe.
• Amazu: Amazu arinda ipaki ya batiri umukungugu, ingaruka, ubushyuhe bukabije, n’amazi yangiritse, mugihe nanone byoroshye gukuramo no kwishyuza bateri.

Ubwoko bwa Bateri Yamashanyarazi

Amashanyarazi ya trike yamashanyarazi aratandukanye cyane cyane mubikoresho bikoreshwa mugutezimbere, bigira ingaruka kuburemere, igiciro, ubushobozi, igihe cyo kwishyuza, nibisohoka ingufu. Ubwoko nyamukuru bwa bateri ni:

• Acide Acide (GEL): Amahitamo ahendutse cyane, ariko kandi aremereye hamwe nurwego ruto kubera ubushobozi buke. Ntabwo bafite umutekano muke ku igare kuko bashobora gusohora amashanyarazi menshi mugihe gito kandi birashobora kumeneka imyuka yaka mugihe cyo kwishyuza.
• Litiyumu-Ion (Li-Ion): Ubwoko bwa bateri ikoreshwa cyane mumashanyarazi. Izi bateri zifite ingufu nyinshi kandi zitanga ingufu nyinshi muburyo buto. Nyamara, zihenze gato kandi imikorere yazo zirashobora guhinduka hamwe nubushyuhe. Amapine y'amashanyarazi ya Addmotor afite amashanyarazi afite bateri ya UL-Yamenyekanye na litiro-ion, irinda umutekano ndetse n’ibidukikije.
• Litiyumu Iron Fosifate (LiFePo4): Ibikoresho bishya, bateri ya LiFePo4 irwanya ihindagurika ryubushyuhe kandi ifite ingufu nyinshi kurusha bateri ya Li-Ion, nubwo idakoreshwa cyane mumashanyarazi.

Ibyingenzi Byingenzi Mugihe Mugura Amashanyarazi ya Batiri yamashanyarazi

Mugihe uhisemo ipaki ya batiri, tekereza ibirenze ubushobozi bwayo. Ibintu by'ingenzi birimo:

• Inganda: Ubwiza bwa selile ya batiri ni ngombwa. Inganda zizwi nka Samsung, LG, na Panasonic zitanga selile zifite ubuziranenge no kuramba.
• Ibiro, Umuvuduko, no Guhuza: Menya neza ko bateri ihujwe na sisitemu yo gushiraho trike yawe, ibyambu, uburemere, voltage, nubushobozi. Bateri nini irashobora gutanga intera ndende ariko irashobora kuba iremereye cyane, mugihe voltage idahuye irashobora kwangiza moteri nibindi bice.
• Igiciro: Batare irashobora kuba kimwe mubintu bihenze cyane bya trine yamashanyarazi. Batteri ihenze cyane yerekana ubuziranenge bwiza, ariko nanone urebe guhuza, ikirango, nuwakoze selile mugihe cyo gusuzuma ikiguzi.
• Urwego, Ubushobozi, nimbaraga: Aya magambo akunze kuvuga igitekerezo kimwe-ni imbaraga zingahe ushobora kubona muri bateri yawe. Urutonde bivuga umubare wibirometero ushobora kugenda kumurongo wuzuye, birashobora gutandukana ukurikije uko bigenda. Ubushobozi, bupimye muri Amp-Amasaha (Ah), bwerekana ingano ya bateri ishobora gutanga mugihe. Ingufu, zapimwe mumasaha ya watt, zikoreshwa mukubara ingufu zose zisohoka.

Inama zo Kubungabunga Bateri

Hamwe nubwitonzi bukwiye, bateri yamashanyarazi irashobora kumara igihe kirenze imyaka 1-2 yubuzima bwabo, birashoboka ko igera kumyaka 3-4 cyangwa irenga. Dore zimwe mu nama:

• Kuraho bateri mugihe cyoza trike: Amazi arashobora kwinjira mumazu akangiza bateri. Buri gihe ukureho bateri mbere yo koza cyangwa gutanga trike.
• Koresha amashanyarazi atinda: Amashanyarazi yihuta atanga ubushyuhe burenze, bushobora kwangiza bateri. Hitamo amashanyarazi atinda kugirango ubungabunge ubuzima bwa bateri.
• Irinde ubushyuhe bukabije: Ubushyuhe n'imbeho byombi bishobora gutesha agaciro imiti ya batiri. Bika kandi wishyure bateri ahantu hagenzurwa n'ubushyuhe.
• Kurekura igice cya batiri kugirango ubike igihe kirekire: Niba udakoresheje trike muminsi myinshi, komeza bateri kuri 40-80% yishyure kugirango ugabanye kwangirika.

Umwanzuro

Ipaki ya batiri nikintu cyoroshye kandi gihenze cyamavuta yumuriro wamashanyarazi, bityo gushora imari muri bateri yujuje ubuziranenge no kuyifata neza ni ngombwa.

Mugihe uguze bateri, shyira imbere ibintu nkibikorwa bya selile, guhuza, hamwe nurwego. Byongeye kandi, kurikiza uburyo bwiza bwo kwishyuza no kubika kugirango wongere igihe cya bateri kurenza imyaka 3-4.