Ni izihe ngaruka mbi z'igare ry'amashanyarazi?

Amapikipiki atatu y’amashanyarazi, akunze gukoreshwa mu kugenda no gutwara ibicuruzwa, yamenyekanye cyane kubera ibikorwa byangiza ibidukikije no gukoresha neza ibiciro. Muri ibyo, amapikipiki atatu y’amashanyarazi afite agaciro cyane cyane mubikoresho, ibikorwa bito byubucuruzi, no gutanga imijyi. Ariko, mugihe batanga ibyiza byinshi, ni ngombwa kandi gusuzuma ibibi byabo. Iyi ngingo irasobanura ibibi bya trikipiki yamashanyarazi, cyane cyane yibanda kubintu byerekana imizigo.

1. Umuvuduko muke hamwe nurwego

Amapikipiki y'amashanyarazi atwara ibintu bisanzwe akora ku muvuduko muto ugereranije n'ibinyabiziga gakondo bifite moteri.

• Imipaka ntarengwa: Umuvuduko wo hejuru wamapikipiki menshi yumuriro uri hagati ya 25-45 km / h (15-28 mph), ushobora kuba imbogamizi kubitangwa intera ndende cyangwa igihe-cyo kugemura.
• Urwego rwa Bateri: Urutonde rwabo rushingiye ku bushobozi bwa bateri, bushobora kugarukira kuri kilometero 50-100 (kilometero 31-62) kuri charge kuri moderi nyinshi. Uru rutonde rushobora kuba rudahagije kubucuruzi bukeneye gukwirakwiza ahantu hanini hatarimo kwishyurwa kenshi.

2. Kwishyuza Ibikorwa Remezo nigihe

Amapikipiki atatu y’amashanyarazi ashingira kuri bateri zisaba kwishyurwa, bitera ibibazo bimwe:

• Igihe cyo Kwishyuza: Kwishyuza byuzuye bateri yumuriro wikinyabiziga cyamashanyarazi birashobora gufata amasaha menshi, bishobora gutera igihe cyo gukora mugihe cyibikorwa byinshi.
• Kubura Sitasiyo Yishyuza: Mu turere tumwe na tumwe, kutagira ibikorwa remezo byishyurwa kandi byagutse birashobora kugabanya imikoreshereze y’amapikipiki y’amashanyarazi, cyane cyane ku bikorwa birebire.

3. Imipaka ntarengwa

Mugihe amapikipiki atatu yumuriro wamashanyarazi yagenewe gutwara ibicuruzwa, ubushobozi bwo kwikorera ni buke ugereranije namakamyo gakondo cyangwa amamodoka.

• Kugabanya ibiro: Moderi nyinshi irashobora gutwara ibiro 300-500 (660-1,100 pound). Ibi birashobora guteza ingaruka zikomeye kubucuruzi bukeneye gutwara ibintu biremereye.
• Imbogamizi zingana: Umwanya w'imizigo muri rusange ni muto, bigatuma udakwiriye ibicuruzwa byinshi cyangwa ibikorwa binini byo gutanga ibikoresho.

4. Imikorere mubibazo bitoroshye

Amapikipiki atatu yumuriro akora neza mumihanda igororotse, mumijyi ariko irashobora guhangana mubihe bimwe:

• Uturere twa Hilly: Amapikipiki atatu yumuriro w'amashanyarazi akenshi yagabanije imbaraga mugihe azamutse cyane, cyane cyane iyo atwaye imitwaro iremereye.
• Ubushobozi bwo Kumuhanda: Moderi nyinshi ntabwo zagenewe kubutaka bubi cyangwa butaringaniye, bugabanya imikoreshereze yabyo mucyaro cyangwa inganda.

5. Biterwa nikirere

Imikorere ya trikipiki yamashanyarazi irashobora guterwa cyane nikirere:

• Imihanda n'imvura itose: Amapikipiki atatu y’amashanyarazi arashobora kworoha kunyerera cyangwa gutakaza igikurura hejuru y’amazi ugereranije n’ibinyabiziga biremereye.
• Ubukonje bukonje: Batteri ikora neza mubihe bikonje, igabanya intera nibikorwa rusange.

6. Igiciro cyambere no gusimbuza Bateri

Nubwo amapikipiki atatu yamashanyarazi muri rusange ahenze mugihe kirekire, hari ibibazo byubukungu:

• Ishoramari Ryambere: Igiciro cyo hejuru cyikinyabiziga cyamashanyarazi gitwara imizigo, harimo na bateri, akenshi kiri hejuru yamagare gakondo cyangwa moteri ihendutse.
• Amafaranga yo gusimbuza bateri: Igihe kirenze, bateri ziragabanuka kandi zikeneye gusimburwa, zishobora kuba zihenze kandi zikongerera igiciro cyibikorwa.

7. Guhitamo kugarukira no guhinduka

Amapikipiki y'amashanyarazi atwara ibicuruzwa akenshi yubatswe kubwintego yihariye, agabanya guhuza n'imiterere yabyo:

• Ibishushanyo mbonera: Moderi nyinshi ziza zifite agasanduku k'imizigo cyangwa ibice, bishobora kudahuza ubwoko bwose bwibicuruzwa.
• Ibikoresho bike: Ugereranije n’imodoka gakondo, trikipiki yamashanyarazi akenshi ibura imigereka itandukanye cyangwa ihinduka rishobora kuzamura akamaro.

8. Ibibazo byo kugenzura

Amapikipiki atatu yumuriro agengwa namabwiriza atandukanye mukarere:

• Ibisabwa byimpushya: Mu turere tumwe na tumwe, amapikipiki atatu y’amashanyarazi atwara ibicuruzwa bisaba impushya cyangwa impushya zihariye, zishobora kugorana kubakira.
• Kubuza umuhanda: Imijyi imwe n'imwe irashobora kugabanya imikoreshereze yabyo mumihanda minini cyangwa mumihanda minini, bikagabanya imikorere ikora.

9. Kubungabunga no Gusana Ibibazo

Nubwo amapikipiki atatu yamashanyarazi muri rusange adakoreshwa neza, ibibazo birashobora kuvuka:

• Gusana kabuhariwe: Gusana birashobora gusaba ubuhanga muri sisitemu y'amashanyarazi, ntabwo buri gihe byoroshye kuboneka ahantu hose.
• Ibice Kuboneka: Ibice byo gusimbuza amapikipiki atatu yumuriro birashobora kugorana kubituruka, biganisha ku gutinda gusanwa.

Umwanzuro

Amapikipiki atatu yumuriro w'amashanyarazi atanga igisubizo kirambye kandi cyigiciro cyinshi kubikoresho bito n'ibikoresho byo mumijyi. Ariko, bazanye imbogamizi zimwe, zirimo umuvuduko wateganijwe nurwego, imbogamizi zishyurwa, nibibazo byimikorere mubihe byihariye. Abashoramari batekereza ko hajyaho amapikipiki atatu y’amashanyarazi atwara ibicuruzwa agomba gusuzuma neza izo ngaruka zikenewe mu bikorwa.

Nubwo hari ibitagenda neza, iterambere ryikoranabuhanga rya batiri nibikorwa remezo bigenda bikemura byinshi muribi bibazo. Mugihe udushya dukomeje, amapikipiki atatu yumuriro w'amashanyarazi birashoboka ko azarushaho kuba ingirakamaro kandi ahindagurika kubikorwa byinshi.