Ilori enamavili amaThathu: IsiKhokelo sakho kwiKamva eliQhelekileyo lezoThutho ezidolophini

Ihlabathi lolungiselelo liyatshintsha. Njengomnini wefektri okhethekileyo kwizithuthi zombane iminyaka, ndibone imfuno ekhulayo yesisombululo esihlakaniphile, esisebenzayo sokuhamba kwizixeko zethu ezixineneyo. Impendulo ayikho enkulu ilori; incinci, ikhawuleza ngakumbi. Kulapho ke enamavili amathathu ilori iyangena. Le yodwa isithuthi, umdibaniso phakathi kwe imoto nesithuthuthu, singaphezulu nje kokuba yinto entsha. Sisixhobo esinamandla sangoku izithuthi zasedolophini.

Esi sikhokelo sesomnini weshishini ocinga phambili, umphathi wezithuthi oqonda ukuba ukusebenza kakuhle kungundoqo. Siza kuphonononga ukuba yintoni na 3-amavili ilori kukuba, isebenza njani, kwaye kutheni inokuba lolona tyalo-mali lubalulekileyo olwenzayo kwikamva leshishini lakho. Siza kujonga kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kukukhanya-umsebenzi Phakamisa kumthuthi wempahla ovalelweyo ngokupheleleyo, kwaye nixoxe ngendlela oku compact isithuthi sikulungele ukuguqula unikezelo lwemayile yokugqibela.

Yintoni kanye kanye iLori enaMavili amathathu?

A enamavili amathathu ilori lurhwebo olwakhiwe ngenjongo isithuthi eyenzelwe ukuthutha iimpahla. Ngokungafaniyo nokuzonwabisa itreyi okanye a isithuthuthu ngenqwelo esecaleni, le imoto yenziwe ngobunjineli ukusuka emhlabeni ukuya phezulu ukuze ibe lihashe lomsebenzi. Idibanisa unyawo oluncinci kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe isithuthuthu kunye nokusetyenziswa okuncinci ilori. Yicinge njengesixhobo esikhethekileyo somsebenzi othile: ukuhambisa iimpahla kwiindawo ezixineneyo zasedolophini apho iimoto ezinkulu zisokola.

Uyilo oluqhelekileyo lubonisa umqhubi ikhabhathi kunye nebhedi yempahla okanye ibhokisi ngasemva. Sakhe amawaka ezi zithuthi, kunye nesiseko isakhiwo ihlala igxile ekwandiseni umthwalo womvuzo ngelixa unciphisa ubungakanani. Oku akusiyo isithuthi ungangena kwi uhlanga; uyilo lwayo ngumsebenzi osulungekileyo ngaphezu kwefomu.

Eyangoku inguqulelo ihlala i- yombane isithuthi, ethi inyuse ngakumbi ukufaneleka kwayo kusetyenziso lwesixeko ngokuphelisa ingxolo nokukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo. Lo mbono awuyonto intsha-ezi tricycle eziluncedo zibe ngumqolo worhwebo kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi amashumi eminyaka. Kodwa ngoku, ngetekhnoloji ephucukileyo kunye nesidingo esikhulayo solungiselelo olusebenzayo, i isithuthi esinamavili amathathu ufumana uphuculo olukhulu kwaye ufumane abaphulaphuli behlabathi.

Kutheni ukhetha ukuCwangciswa kwamavili amathathu ngaphezulu kwemoto enamavili amane?

Kumnini-shishini onjengoMarko, zonke izigqibo zehla ekusebenzeni kakuhle kunye neendleko. Kutheni ungakhetha a isithuthi ngenye encinci ivili kunomgangatho imoto okanye iveni encinci? Impendulo ilele kwiinzuzo ezizodwa a amavili amathathu uyilo lunikeza imisebenzi ethile.

• Iindleko ezisezantsi zokuSebenza: A enamavili amathathu ilori Ikhaphukhaphu kwaye ine-drivetrain elula. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuna amandla angaphantsi imoto okanye injini ukuhamba ngokufanayo umthwalo, okubangela ukongiwa okukhulu kumafutha okanye umbane. Kukho kwakhona enye encinci itayara ukugcina kunye nokubuyisela.
• Ukunyathela: Ubungakanani obuncinci kwaye buqina ukujika iradiyasi ye Iilori ezi-3 zamavili yenze ibe yintshatsheli kwiindawo ezixineneyo. Iyakwazi ukuzulazula kwizitrato ezimxinwa, iindawo zentengiso ezixineneyo, kunye neendawo zokupakisha ezixineneyo apho kuqhelekileyo ilori okanye ivan ayinakwenzeka ukuyisebenzisa.
• Ixabiso elithotyiweyo lokuThenga: Ubunjineli obulula kunye nemathiriyeli embalwa efunekayo ithetha ukuba a isithuthi esinamavili amathathu Ifikeleleka kakhulu ekuthengeni kuneemavili amane anokuthelekiseka isithuthi. Oku kuvumela amashishini ukuba akhe izithuthi ezinkulu kutyalo-mali lwenkunzi efanayo.

Oku akukona ukubuyisela zonke ezinevili ilori. Imalunga nokusebenzisa isixhobo esifanelekileyo somsebenzi. Kwimayile yokugqibela ukuhanjiswa kunye ne-intra-city logistics, i enamavili amathathu ilori isoloko ilukhetho olukrelekrele, olunoqoqosho ngakumbi.

Ngaba ezi ziThuthi zihlelwa njengelori okanye isithuthuthu?

Lo ngumbuzo obalulekileyo, njengomthetho ukuhlelwa kwe a isithuthi esinamavili amathathu ichaphazela yonke into ukusuka kwilayisensi kunye nobhaliso ukuya kwi-inshurensi kunye ummiselo. Impendulo, ephoxayo, yile: kuxhomekeke apho ukhoyo kunye noyilo oluthile lwe isithuthi.

Kwiindawo ezininzi, a imoto enamavili amathathu ihlelwa njenge isithuthuthu. Oku kaninzi kuba ayihambelani ne federal iimfuno zokhuseleko lomkhweli imoto, njengokuba namavili amane, ii-airbags, kunye nemigangatho ethile yobumper. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba luncedo, njengoko i isithuthuthu ukuhlelwa inokuza nemirhumo ephantsi yobhaliso. I umkhweli okanye umqhubi unokufuna ulwamkelo olukhethekileyo kubo iimpepha zokuqhuba, okanye kwezinye iimeko, izele ilayisenisi yesithuthuthu.

Nangona kunjalo, njengoko ezi zithuthi zixhaphake kakhulu, eminye imimandla izenzela udidi olutsha. Oku esemthethweni indawo engwevu yeyona ndawo ibuhlungu kubathumeli bangaphandle. Njengomvelisi, sisebenza ngokusondeleyo nabathengi bethu ukuqinisekisa ukuba isithuthi's uyilo ludibana nokuthe ngqo imfuneko yelizwe labo, nokuba ihlelwa njenge isithuthuthu, a itreyi, okanye olunye udidi. Kubalulekile ukuphanda indawo yakho ummiselo phambi kokutyala imali kwizithuthi.

Ulungelelwaniso lwevili lukuchaphazela njani ukuphatha kunye nokuzinza?

Ulungiselelo lwe amavili amathathu yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwi ukuphatha kwaye uzinzo ye ilori. Kukho iiplani ezimbini eziphambili:

1. Uqwalaselo lweDelta: Le yiklasikhi ibhayisekile uyila nge ivili elinye ngaphambili kwaye amavili amabini ngasemva. Olu yilo lubalaseleyo ekuthwaleni ubunzima umthwalo ngenxa yokuba ubunzima busasazwa ngokubanzi iasi yangasemva. Ibonelela kakhulu ezinzile iqonga, ngakumbi kwizantya ezisezantsi ukuya kweziphakathi. Uninzi lwezorhwebo kunye noncedo enamavili amathathu izithuthi, kuquka ezo sizenzayo, zisebenzisa idelta uqwalaselo. Ilula, yomelele, kwaye ineendleko ezifanelekileyo injineli.
2. UYilo lweTadpole: Olu yilo luye amavili amabini ngaphambili enye ngasemva. I i-tadpole layout yaziwa ngokugqwesa kwayo iikona uzinzo ngesantya esiphezulu. Uyakubona oku kwimidlalo yolonwabo iitriki kwaye ii-autocycles. Ngelixa ibonelela ngokugqwesileyo ukuphatha, iyinkimbinkimbi kwaye ibiza kakhulu itshisi ukwakha, ukwenza ukuba kungabi yinto eqhelekileyo kwintengiso kuphela ilori.

Ukuhambisa ilori, apho eyona nkxalabo iphambili ithwele a umthwalo ngokukhuselekileyo nangempumelelo, i idelta uqwalaselo (enye ngaphambili, ezimbini ngasemva) lukhetho oluqinisekisiweyo nolunengqiqo. Inika into eqikelelwayo ukuphatha kunye nezakhono ezibalaseleyo zokuthwala umthwalo.

Loluphi uhlobo lomthwalo onokuthi ululindele kwilori enamavili amathathu?

Xa abanini bamashishini bebuza malunga nathi enamavili amathathu izithuthi zempahla, umbuzo wabo wokuqala uhlala malunga umthwalo. A ilori ayinamsebenzi ukuba ayinakuthwala isixa esinentsingiselo sempahla. Ngaphandle kwabo compact ubukhulu, ezi zithuthi ziyakwazi ngokumangalisayo.

Umsebenzi wokukhanya enamavili amathathu ilori inokuba nomsebenzi umthamo malunga 300-500 kg (660-1100 lbs). Oku kulungele abathumeli bendawo, iinkonzo zokuhanjiswa kokutya, kunye namashishini amancinci. Eyethu idumileyo Impahla yombane i-tricycle HJ20 ingena ngokugqibeleleyo kolu didi, inika isisombululo esomeleleyo semisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.

Ukufumana imisebenzi enzima ngakumbi, iimodeli ezinomthwalo onzima zinokuba nomthwalo ongaphezulu kwe-1000 kg (2200 lbs). Ezi nguqulelo ze-beefier zibonisa isakhelo esomeleleyo, esinamandla ngakumbi imoto, kunye nenkqubo yokunqunyanyiswa eyandisiweyo. Undoqo kukutshatisa i iloriIkaliwe umthamo kwimisebenzi yakho eqhelekileyo umthwalo. Ukulayisha ngaphezulu nayiphi na isithuthi ayikhuselekanga kwaye ikhokelela ekunxibeni kwangaphambi kwexesha, ngoko ke ukukhetha imodeli efanelekileyo kwasekuqaleni kubalulekile kwinkonzo yexesha elide kunye nemveliso.

Ngaba iZithuthi zoMbane ezinamavili amaThathu ziLikamva lokuHanjiswa?

Ewe, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo. Ukutshintshela kwi yombane I-powertrain yeyona nto ibalulekileyo yale mihla enamavili amathathu ilori. An yombane imoto ngumdlalo ogqibeleleyo wendalo yedolophu ukuhanjiswa.

"Injini yombane inikezela ngetorque ekhawulezileyo, eyona nto kanye uyidingayo xa uqala ukumisa ngomthwalo ogcweleyo. Isebenza kakuhle, ithule, kwaye inexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu ukuqhuba kunayo nayiphi na injini yegesi encinci. Kumalungiselelo edolophu, ngumdlalo otshintshayo. " – Allen, uMlawuli Factory

An yombane 3-amavili ilori okanye EV inikeza iingenelo ezininzi ezinkulu kwizithuthi zorhwebo. Iindleko zokusebenza ziphantsi kakhulu, kwaye umbane ufikeleleka kakhulu kunepetroli. Ulondolozo nalo luncitshiswe kakhulu, njenge yombane imoto inenxalenye enye kuphela ehambayo xa kuthelekiswa namakhulu ekutshayweni injini. Ngaphaya koko, ezi zithuthi zithe cwaka kwaye zikhupha i-zero emissions, ezivumela ukuba zisebenze kumbindi wedolophu kunye nemithetho engqongqo yokusingqongileyo. Oku kwenza i yombane qhuba ukhetho olucacileyo lwalo naliphi na ishishini elijolise kuzinzo kunye nenzuzo.

Uthini Umahluko phakathi kweLori enamavili amathathu kunye ne-Autocycle?

Igama elithi "isithuthi esinamavili amathathu" ligubungela iindawo ezininzi. Ngelixa a Iilori ezi-3 zamavili lihashe lomsebenzi, i autocycle yakhelwe ukuzonwabisa. Kubalulekile ukuqonda umahluko.

An autocycle luhlobo lwe enamavili amathathu isithuthuthu leyo yenzelwe ukuba ifane nemoto. Iimpawu eziphambili ze ii-autocycles ziquka:

• Ulawulo olufana nemoto: Bane- ivili lokuqhuba neepedali, hayi iintsimbi zokuphatha.
• Indawo yokuhlala: I umkhweli kwaye umkhweli ngokuqhelekileyo hlala ecaleni-necala kwi-emele isihlalo amalungiselelo, hayi elinye emva kwelinye.
• Injongo: Ziyilelwe ukuzonwabisa kunye nokusebenza, kunye neenjini ezinamandla kunye nezemidlalo ukuphatha.

A enamavili amathathu ilori, ngokuchaseneyo, sisixhobo esiluncedo kuphela isithuthi. Inomnye isihlalo kumqhubi kusetyenziso ikhabhathi, rhoqo nge-handlebar steering (nangona ezinye iimodeli zinevili lokuqhuba). Umva wonke we isithuthi inikezelwe kwimpahla. Ngelixa i autocycle yi umxube phakathi kwe-a imoto kunye a isithuthuthu ukuzonwabisa, into eluncedo ibhayisekile yi umxube phakathi kwe-a isithuthuthu kunye a ilori ngomsebenzi. Banokwabelana a ivili ukubala, kodwa injongo kunye noyilo lwazo zahlukene zehlabathi.

Isebenza Njani Ilori enamavili ama-3 kwiNdlela eNzima?

Kulapho ke enamavili amathathu ilori ikhanya ngokwenene. Ubungakanani bayo obubambeneyo luluncedo olukhulu ekujongeni izitrato zesixeko ezivaliweyo. Ngelixa i-van yokuhambisa ubungakanani obugcweleyo ibambekile kumgca we traffic, umntu othobekileyo enamavili amathathu isithuthi inokusebenzisa izikhewu ezincinci kunye neendlela ezimxinwa (apho kuvumelekile) ukuqhubeka nokuhamba.

Ukukwazi kwabo ukwenza ujiko oluqinileyo kwaye bangene kwiindawo ezincinci zokupaka ukuze kulayishwe kunye nokothula konga ixesha elibalulekileyo kuhambo ngalunye lonikezelo. Kwilizwe lolungiselelo, imizuzu egciniweyo yongeza kwimveliso eyandisiweyo kunye neendleko eziphantsi. Le agility inciphisa uxinzelelo lomqhubi kwaye yenza yonke uthutho inkqubo esebenzayo ngakumbi.

Imbonakalo ebalaseleyo evela kumqhubi isihlalo ikwanceda kwindawo exineneyo traffic. Ngokungafaniyo kwiveni enkulu eneendawo ezininzi ezingaboniyo, umqhubi we- enamavili amathathu ilori inombono ocacileyo wendawo ezingqongileyo. Oku kwandisa ukhuseleko kumqhubi nakwabanye abasebenzisi bendlela, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yeyona moto ifanelekileyo kwindawo enesiphithiphithi kumbindi wesixeko wale mihla. Olu hlobo lwedolophu ukuhamba yile nto kanye abathengi bethu abajonga ngayo kwiimoto ezifana ne Van-uhlobo Logistics ombane tricycle HPX10.

Ungasisebenzisa iSithuthi esinamavili amathathu ukwenza imisebenzi engekho endleleni?

Ngelixa uninzi enamavili amathathu iilori zenzelwe izitalato zesixeko ezigangathiweyo, kukho ezikhethekileyo ngaphandle kwendlela iinguqulelo ezikhoyo. Le mizekelo yakhelwe ukusetyenziswa kwiifama ezinkulu, kwiikhampasi zaseyunivesithi, kwiindawo zokwakha, nakwiipaki. Azenzelwanga ukukhasa kakhulu ematyeni okanye ukubaleka emahlathini njengendawo yokuzonwabisa ngaphandle kwendlela isithuthuthu.

An ngaphandle kwendlela into eluncedo itreyi izakubonisa uninzi lwezinto eziphuculweyo:

• Amatayara ahlala ixesha elide: Ziza namaqhina, amatayara abanzi anikezela ukutsala ngcono kumdaka, igrabile, nengca.
• Ukunqunyanyiswa okomeleziwe: Inkqubo yokunqunyanyiswa yakhelwe ukufunxa amaqhuma kunye nomhlaba orhabaxa, ukuqinisekisa ukugudiseka khwela kunye nokukhusela i isithuthi kunye nomthwalo wayo.
• Ulwakhiwo olomeleleyo: Isakhelo kunye nebhedi yempahla ziqiniswa ukumelana noxinzelelo olongezelelweyo lomgangatho ongalinganiyo.

Ezi zithuthi zisisixhobo esimangalisayo semisebenzi efuna izixhobo ezihambayo, izixhobo, okanye abasebenzi kwiindawo ezinkulu, ezingagangathwanga. Babonelela ngomthwalo omninzi umthamo kune ATV kwaye zilawuleka ngakumbi kunezemveli Phakamisa ilori. Bangqina ukuguquguquka okumangalisayo kwe amavili amathathu iqonga, ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo kude ngaphaya kwemida yesixeko. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba a umkhweli inguqulelo kule misebenzi, njengokuguquguquka kwethu EV5 Umkhweli woMbane onetricycle.

Kufuneka ujonge ntoni kwiKhabhin kunye neGear yeTricycle yeRhwebo?

Kwisithuthi esiya kusetyenziselwa ukusebenza imini yonke, indawo yomqhubi ibaluleke kakhulu. A eyilwe kakuhle ikhabhathi kwandisa umqhubi intuthuzelo, ukhuseleko, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Ngelixa indlwana ka enamavili amathathu ilori ilula kwaye iyasebenza, kukho iifitsha ezininzi eziphambili ekufuneka zijongwe.

Isikhuselo uphahla kunye ne-windshield ibalulekile ukukhusela umqhubi elangeni nasemvuleni. I isihlalo kufuneka ikhululeke kwaye ilungelelaniswe, kwaye ulawulo kufuneka lufikeleleke ngokulula. Ideshibhodi kufuneka inike ulwazi olucacileyo, kuquka isantya, uluhlu, kwaye ibhetri inqanaba. Ezinye iimodeli zinokunikezela ngephambili enye izixhobo kunye nokubuyisela umva, ngelixa ezinye zinokuba nosasazo oluntsonkothileyo, kodwa ukulula kudla ngokubangcono kurhwebo isithuthi.

Jonga izinto ezisebenzayo ezifana nokukhanya okulungileyo emsebenzini wakusasa okanye wangokuhlwa, iingcango ezomeleleyo (ukuba zivaliwe ikhabhathi inguqulelo), kunye nezibuko ezibonelela ngokucacileyo ngasemva. Umqhubi okhululekileyo nokhuselekileyo ngumqhubi onemveliso. Umgangatho we ikhabhathi sisalathisi esicacileyo sokuba ngaba umenzi uyaziqonda iimfuno zehlabathi lokwenene yorhwebo umsebenzisi.

Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha

• Injongo-Eyakhelwe uMsebenzi: A enamavili amathathu ilori lurhwebo isithuthi eyilelwe ukudibanisa ukusebenza kakuhle a isithuthuthu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe ilori.
• Ukusebenza kakuhle ngundoqo: Banikezela ngeendleko eziphantsi zokuthenga, zokusebenza, kunye nokugcina xa kuthelekiswa namavili amane imoto okanye iveni, ibenza balungele ukuhanjiswa kwedolophu.
• I-Delta yeyoMsebenzi: I idelta uqwalaselo (ivili elinye ngaphambili, ezimbini ngasemva) ngumgangatho wokusetyenziswa kwezorhwebo ngenxa yozinzo olubalaseleyo lokuthwala umthwalo.
• Umbane likamva: An yombane powertrain ngumdlalo ogqibeleleyo wokuhanjiswa ilori, inika ukusebenza okuthe cwaka, okungakhutshwayo kunye netorque ekhawulezileyo.
• Jonga iMigaqo: Ezomthetho ukuhlelwa kwe a isithuthi esinamavili amathathu iyahluka ngokwengingqi; soloko uphanda imithetho yasekuhlaleni emalunga nelayisensi kunye nobhaliso.
• Isixhobo esiLungileyo soMsebenzi: Oku compact isithuthi iyagqwesa kubunzima traffic kunye neendawo ezixineneyo, nto leyo eyenza kube lolona khetho luphezulu kwimayile yokugqibela ukuhanjiswa kwaye izithuthi zasedolophini.