Njengoba sonke sazi, ukukhetha kwebhethri lamandla kubalulekile ekusebenziseni amabhayisikili amathathu kagesi. Njengamanje, izinhlobo zamabhethri ajwayelekile emakethe zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: amabhethri e-lithium nele-lead-acid. Kodwa-ke, kulesi sigaba, amabhayisikili amathathu kagesi emakethe ngokuvamile asebenzisa amabhethri e-lead-asidi njengebhethri eliyinhloko lamandla.
Ama-electrode amabhethri e-lead-acid akhiwe ngomthofu ne-oxide yawo, futhi i-electrolyte iyisisombululo se-sulfuric acid. Amabhethri aneasidi yomthofu anomlando omude, ubuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe, ukuphepha okuphezulu, izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi, kanye nenani eliphansi. Bezilokhu ziyibhethri lamandla elincanyelwayo kumabhayisikili amathathu kagesi. Kodwa-ke, ububi bazo ukuminyana kwamandla amancane, ubukhulu obukhulu kanye nobukhulu, kanye nempilo emfushane yomkhiqizo, okuvamise ukuba yiminyaka emithathu kuya kwemine. Kodwa-ke, ukugaywa kabusha kwebhethri elineasidi yomthofu kungcolisa kakhulu, ngakho amazwe ahlukahlukene ayayeka kancane kancane futhi akhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwamabhethri aneasidi yomthofu, futhi ashintshele kumabhethri e-lithium.
Amabhethri e-lithium akhiwe ngezinto ezisebenza kahle ze-electrode, izinto ezingezinhle ze-electrode, ama-electrolyte, nama-diaphragms. Amabhethri e-lithium asetshenziswe kumabhayisikili amathathu kagesi ngokwezinga elithile ngenxa yobuningi bawo bamandla aphezulu, ubukhulu obuncane, i-lightweight, imijikelezo eminingi, nempilo ende yesevisi, ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho ukusebenza kwemoto nomthwalo kuyadingeka. Kodwa-ke, izindleko eziphakeme zezinto zokusetshenziswa nokukhiqiza, ukuzinza okungekuhle kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion, kanye nokuba sengozini yokusha nokuqhuma nakho kuyizingqinamba ezibalulekile zobuchwepheshe ezivimbela ukuthuthukiswa nokuthandwa kwamabhethri e-lithium. Ngakho-ke, ukungena kwayo emakethe kusenomkhawulo, futhi kusetshenziswa kancane kuphela kwamanye amamodeli asezingeni eliphezulu namamodeli okuthekelisa, kodwa ngokombono wezomnotho wesikhathi eside, izindleko eziphelele zokusetshenziswa kwamabhethri e-lithium ziphansi kunalezo zamabhethri e-lead-acid. Isibonelo, amabhayisikili amathathu ahamba ngogesi athunyelwa eTanzania yi-Xuzhou Zhiyun Electric Vehicle Co., Ltd. ngamaqoqo wonke asebenzisa idome.
Amabhethri e-sodium afana kakhulu namabhethri e-lithium. Kokubili kuncike ekuhambeni kwama-ion ensimbi ebhethrini ukuze kutholakale ukushaja nokushajwa. Omunye umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwamabhethri e-sodium namabhethri e-lithium yizinkampani zokushaja ezihlukene. Izinto ze-electrode kumabhethri e-sodium usawoti we-sodium. Njengobuchwepheshe bebhethri obusafufusa, amabhethri e-sodium asebenza kahle kakhulu ezindaweni ezinezinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu, ukusebenza kahle kokuphepha, isivinini sokushaja okusheshayo, nezinto eziningi zokusetshenziswa, kanye nezindleko eziphansi. Ngakho-ke, banamandla athile emkhakheni wamabhayisikili amathathu kagesi. Noma kunjalo, amabhethri e-sodium asesesigabeni sokuthuthukiswa nokuthuthukiswa kocwaningo. Izinkinga zabo eziwumgogodla ezifana nempilo yomjikelezo omfushane kanye nokuminyana kwamandla aphansi zisadinga ukuxazululwa ngokuyisisekelo futhi kuthuthukiswe esikhathini esizayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: 08-13-2024
