Ingabe Amabhayisikili Amathathu Kagesi Asemthethweni e-US? Ukuqonda Okusemthethweni Nezimfuneko Zokugibela Amaqhinga Kagesi

Njengomkhiqizi osechithe iminyaka ephelelisa ukukhiqizwa kwe ibhayisikili lantathu kagesi, ngithumele izinkulungwane zamayunithi kusuka phansi kwefekthri yami e-China kumabhizinisi nemindeni yonkana eNyakatho Melika. Umbuzo owodwa engiwuzwa kakhulu kunanoma yimuphi omunye ovela kumakhasimende ami—noma ngabe umphathi wemikhumbi njengo-Mark e-USA noma umnikazi webhizinisi elincane—umayelana nokuthobela. ngokuqondile: Ingabe amabhayisikili amathathu kagesi asemthethweni e-United States?

Impendulo emfushane inguyebo onamandla, kodwa kukhona ama-nuances okufanele uwaqonde. I i-electric trike uguqula indlela abantu ukuya emsebenzini, hambisa izimpahla, futhi ujabulele ngaphandle. Nokho, ukuzulazula okusemthethweni, imithetho kahulumeni kanye nekahulumeni, futhi izidingo ezingokomthetho zokugibela ugesi izimoto zingazizwa njenge-maze. Lesi sihloko kufanele sifundwe ngoba sisusa ukudideka. Ngizokuqondisa endleleni umthetho we-federal, i uhlelo lwezigaba ezintathu, kanye nokuqondile izidingo zokugibela ama-trikes kagesi ukuze ukwazi ukushaya umgwaqo ngokuzethemba.

Uthini Umthetho Wombuso Mayelana Nomthetho Wamabhayisikili Amathathu Kagesi?

Uma sikhuluma ngokuthi i i-electric trike kuyinto okusemthethweni kithi, kufanele siqale phezulu: umthetho we-federal. Ngo-2002, i-U.S. Congress yaphasisa uMthetho Womphakathi 107-319, owawuchibiyela uMthetho Wokuphepha Komkhiqizo Wabathengi. Lo mthetho wawushintsha umdlalo ku- ibhayisikili likagesi futhi ibhayisikili elinesithathu imboni.

Umthetho weFederal uyahlinzeka incazelo ecacile yalokho okushiwo "ibhayisikili likagesi elinesivinini esiphansi." Ngokuthakazelisayo, i ibhayisikili lantathu kagesi ngokuvamile iwela ngaphansi kwalesi sambulela esifanayo inqobo nje uma sihlangabezana nemibandela ethile. Ukuba ehlukaniswa njengebhayisikili ngaphansi kweziqondiso zikahulumeni—futhi hhayi a imoto-the trike kufanele ube:

• Amaphedali asebenza ngokugcwele.
• An motor kagesi ngaphansi kwe 750 watts (1 amandla amahhashi).
• Isivinini esiphezulu esingaphansi 20 mph lapho inikwa amandla yi- imoto endaweni egandayiwe egandayiwe ngenkathi igitshezwa umqhubi onesisindo esingamaphawundi angu-170.

Uma eyakho i-electric trike ihlangabezana nalezi zindlela, ngokuvamile ilawulwa yi- Ikhomishana Yokuphepha Komkhiqizo Wabathengi (CPSC) kune-National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). Lo mehluko ubalulekile. Kusho owakho e-trike iphathwa kakhulu njenge-a ibhayisikili kunemoto noma isithuthuthu. Ayidingi i-VIN, futhi ezimweni eziningi, ayifuni zidinga ukubhaliswa kwe izinga likahulumeni.

Nokho, umthetho we-federal ubeka kuphela isisekelo sokwenziwa nokudayiswa kokuqala komkhiqizo. Ibeka ukuthi mina, njengomnikazi wefekthri, kufanele ngiqinisekise ukuthi umkhiqizo uphephile futhi uhlangabezana nalezi zici. Once the trike ishaya i-pavement, imithetho yezwe neyendawo thatha izintambo mayelana nokusebenza.

Amazwe Awahlukanisa Kanjani Ama-E-Trikes: Ukuqonda Uhlelo Olunamakilasi Amathathu

Ngenkathi uhulumeni wobumbano echaza umkhiqizo, izifundazwe zichaza indlela owusebenzisa ngayo. Ukwakha ukufana, izifundazwe eziningi bamukele a uhlelo lwezigaba ezintathu ku lawula ugesi amabhayisikili namathreyi. Ukuqonda ukuthi iliphi ikilasi lakho ibhayisikili lantathu kagesi owela kuyo kubalulekile ukuze wazi lapho ungakwazi ukugibela ngokomthetho.

• Ikilasi 1: Lokhu kuyi-a i-pedal-assist kuphela ibhayisikili likagesi noma trike. I imoto inikeza usizo kuphela uma umgibeli liyahamba futhi liyayeka ukunikeza usizo lapho ibhayisikili lifinyelela isivinini 20 mph. Lezi zamukelwa kabanzi ku izindlela zamabhayisikili kanye nemigwaqo.
• Ikilasi 2: Lezi ama-e-trikes ube a mpintsha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungakwazi ukuhambisa imoto ngaphandle kokunyathela. I imoto usizo lusavaliwe 20 mph. Lokhu ukucushwa okudume kakhulu kwe- ibhayisikili lantathu kagesi ngoba isiza ukuthi uhlaka olunamasondo amathathu olusindayo lusuke endaweni efile.
• Ikilasi 3: Lawa ama-speed-pedelec. Banjalo i-pedal-assist kuphela (cha mpintsha, ngokuvamile) kodwa i imoto iyaqhubeka nokusiza kuze kufike ku-28 mph. Ngenxa yejubane eliphezulu, Ikilasi lesi-3 izimoto zivame ukubhekana nemikhawulo eqinile kuyo izindlela futhi imizila yamabhayisikili.

Kwabaningi bamakhasimende ami angenisa eyethu I-EV5 Electric abagibeli bamabhayisikili amathathu, siqinisekisa ukuthi imininingwane ihambisana nayo Ikilasi lesi-2 noma Ikilasi 1 imithethonqubo ukuqinisekisa esiphezulu okusemthethweni kanye nokusebenziseka kalula kwekhasimende lokugcina.

Ingabe Udinga Ilayisensi noma Ukubhaliswa Ukuze Ugibele I-Street-Legal Electric Trike?

Lona umbuzo wesigidi samadola: Ingabe udinga ilayisensi? Ngokuba iningi amabhayisikili amathathu kagesi asemthethweni e-US, impendulo ithi cha. Uma eyakho i-electric trike ihambisana nencazelo yenhlangano—750w umkhawulo kanye 20 mph isivinini esiphezulu-kubhekwa ngokomthetho njenge ibhayisikili.

Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile awudingi umshayeli ilayisense, ilayisense noma ukubhaliswa, noma umshwalense wokuyiqhuba. Lokhu kwenza i- e-trike kufinyeleleka ngendlela emangalisayo. Ivula ukuhambahamba kulabo abangase bangabi nazo izincwadi zokushayela noma abafuna ukugwema izindleko ezihambisana nokuba nemoto.

Nokho, kukhona catch. Uma eyakho i-trike idlula i imikhawulo yesivinini noma amandla emoto imingcele—ngokwesibonelo, umsebenzi onzima impahla i-trike ehamba nge-30 mph-ingahlukaniswa njenge-moped noma isithuthuthu. Uma kunjalo, kuba a imoto. Khona-ke uzodinga a ilayisense, ukubhaliswa ne I-DMV, kanye nomshwalense. Qinisekisa njalo baqonde izidingo zomthetho yemodeli ethile oyithengayo.

Ingabe Amabhayisikili Amathathu Kagesi Avunyelwe Emizileni Yebhayisikili Nemizila Esetshenziswa Kaningi?

Ingqalasizinda yamabhayisikili e-US iyakhula, futhi i-electric trike abagibeli bafuna ukuyisebenzisa. Ngokuvamile, Ikilasi 1 futhi Ikilasi lesi-2 ama-e-trikes kukhona kuvunyelwe ngebhayisikili imizila encikene nemigwaqo. Lezi zindlela ziphephile kunokugibela ithrafikhi futhi zinikeza indlela yakho ebushelelezi ukuya emsebenzini.

Izindlela zokusebenzisa okuningi futhi izindlela ezabiwe ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Lezi zindlela zabelwa abahamba ngezinyawo, abagijimayo, nabagibeli bamabhayisikili bendabuko.

• Ikilasi 1 ama-triki cishe avunyelwe njalo.
• Ikilasi lesi-2 ama-trikes (throttle) ngokuvamile avunyelwe, kodwa ezinye iziphathimandla zendawo zingawakhawulela.
• Ikilasi lesi-3 izimoto kukhona kuvame ukuvinjelwa kusuka izindlela zamabhayisikili nemizila ngenxa yesivinini sayo esiphezulu.

Omasipala bendawo yibo abanezwi lokugcina. Ngihlale ngeluleka amakhasimende ami ukuthi ahlole izimpawu emnyango we- umkhondo. Ukuba nesizotha umgibeli nokugcina isivinini sakho siphansi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuqinisekisa ama-e-trikes hlala wamukelekile kulezi zindlela.

Iyini Imikhawulo Yesivinini kanye Nemikhawulo Yamandla Ezimoto Ye-E-Trikes?

Ake sikhulume ngemininingwane. Ukusala emgwaqeni-ngokomthetho ngaphandle ukubhaliswa, yakho ibhayisikili lantathu kagesi kumele ihambisane ne- 750 watts ukubusa. Lokhu kubhekisela emandleni akalwe aqhubekayo e- imoto. Nokho, ungase ubone izinjini ikhangiswe nge 1000w ukuphakama okukhiphayo. Ingabe lokhu kusemthethweni?

Ngokuvamile, yebo. Imithetho ngokuvamile igxila "esilinganisweni" noma esilinganisweni samandla aqhubekayo. A 750w injini ingase ifinyelele phezulu 1000w ukuphakama imizuzwana embalwa ukukusiza ukhuphuke igquma. Inqobo nje uma isilinganiso esiqhubekayo sinjalo 750w noma ngaphansi, futhi ijubane eliphezulu lilinganiselwe 20 mph (Ekilasini loku-1 kanye nelesi-2), ngokuvamile ihambisana nayo imithetho kahulumeni kanye nekahulumeni.

Uma u motorize a ibhayisikili elinesithathu ngokwakho noma uguqule isilawuli ukuze sidlule 20 mph noma 28 mph, uyenza ngempumelelo ibe engabhalisiwe imoto. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni zenhlawulo nezikweletu. Namathela kuzilungiselelo zasefekthri ukuze uhlale ngakwesokudla somthetho.

Kungani ama-Electric Trikes eyinketho edumile yabagibeli abaphezulu?

Sibone ukwanda okukhulu phakathi ukuthandwa kulo lonke elase-United States phakathi kwe omdala izibalo zabantu. Kwabadala abaningi, indinganiso enamasondo amabili ibhayisikili iveza izinkinga zebhalansi. I ibhayisikili lantathu kagesi ixazulula lokhu ngokushesha ngokuzinza kwayo okunamasondo amathathu.

Ngaphandle kokuqina komzimba, i izidingo ezingokomthetho zokugibela ugesi kwenze kube inketho ekhangayo.

1. Ayikho Ilayisensi Edingekayo: Uma a omdala wadela imoto yabo ilayisense, basengakwazi ukulondoloza ukuzimela ngomthetho osemthethweni e-trike.
2. I-Pedal-Assist: I imoto wenza umsebenzi onzima. Amadolo namajoyinti avikelekile ekucindezelekeni, okuvumela ukugibela okude.
3. Ukuphepha: Isivinini esiphansi (20 mph) qondanisa kahle nesivinini esiphephile, esikhululekile.

Kuyisisombululo esihle kakhulu sokuhamba. Eyethu I-HJ20 yezimpahla zikagesi ivamise ukulungiselwa ukusetshenziswa komuntu siqu ngoba izinzile, kulula ukuyigibela, futhi ingakwazi ukuthwala igrosa kalula.

Ungakwazi yini Ukugibela Ibhayisikili Elihamba Kagesi Eceleni Komgwaqo?

Lona umbono oyiphutha ovamile. Ngenxa yokuthi "ibhayisikili elinamasondo amathathu" akusho ukuthi likhona umgwaqo oseceleni. Emadolobheni amaningi ase-U.S., izimoto zikagesi—ngisho nabahamba ngesivinini esiphansi—banqatshelwe ukugibela emigwaqweni emigwaqweni ezindaweni zamabhizinisi.

An ibhayisikili lantathu kagesi libanzi futhi lisinda kunebhayisikili elijwayelekile. Ukugibela a umgwaqo oseceleni kubeka engcupheni abahamba ngezinyawo. Kufanele ugibele ku- umzila webhayisikili noma emgwaqeni, elandela imithetho yomgwaqo efanayo neyemoto noma umgibeli wamabhayisikili ojwayelekile.

Kukhona okuhlukile, kunjalo. Ezinye izindawo ezingasedolobheni noma izindawo ezingenazo ingqalasizinda yamabhayisikili zingakuvumela ukugibela umgwaqo uma ugibele ijubane lokuhamba. Kodwa njengomthetho ojwayelekile: amasondo emgwaqeni, izinyawo eceleni komgwaqo. Hlola indawo yangakini izimiso ukuze uqiniseke.

Ikhomishana Yokuphepha Komkhiqizo Wabathengi Iwalawula Kanjani Ama-Trikes Kagesi?

Njengomkhiqizi, ubudlelwano bami ngokuyinhloko ne Ikhomishana Yokuphepha Komkhiqizo Wabathengi (CPSC). I-CPSC ibeka amazinga okukhiqiza amabhayisikili amathathu kagesi ahlanganayo incazelo yenhlangano.

Bayalawula:

• Amasistimu wokubhuleka: Amabhuleki kufanele abe namandla ngokwanele ukumisa esindayo i-electric trike ngokuphepha.
• Amandla ozimele: Izinga lokukhiqiza kumele limelane namandla e imoto.
• Ukuphepha Kagesi: Amabhethri nezintambo kufanele zihlangabezane nezindinganiso zokuphepha ukuze kuvinjelwe imililo (njengezitifiketi ze-UL).

Uma uthenga ikhwalithi i-electric trike, uthenga umkhiqizo ohambisana nalokhu okuqinile I-CPSC imihlahlandlela. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izici zokuphepha ziqinile futhi imoto iphephile kumthengi. Ukungenisa okushibhile, okungathobeli imithetho edlula lezi zindinganiso akugcini nje ngokuba yingozi kodwa futhi kungase kube emthethweni ukudayisa noma ukusetshenzwa.

Yini Okufanele Uyihlole Ngokuphathelene Nemithetho Yesifunda Neyendawo Ngaphambi Kokuhamba?

Inkulumo ethi "hlola indawo yangakini imithetho" umthetho wegolide we e-ibhayisikili umhlaba. Ngenkathi umthetho we-federal ubeka inkundla, imithetho yezwe neyendawo ziyahlukahluka zasendle.

• California: Ngokuvamile kulandela i- uhlelo lwezigaba ezintathu. Ikilasi 1 futhi 2 zamukelwa kabanzi.
• E-New York: Inemithetho ethile ephathelene "nezithuthuthu zikagesi" namabhayisikili, esanda kuyenza ibe semthethweni ngamakepisi esivinini.
• Imithetho Yokuvikela: Abanye izifundazwe zivumela abadala ukugibela ngaphandle kwezigqoko zokuzivikela, kuyilapho abanye bezidinga kubo bonke e-trike abagibeli noma ngokuqondile Ikilasi lesi-3 abagibeli.
• Imikhawulo yobudala: Ezinye izifundazwe zidinga ukuthi abagibeli babe ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-16 ukuze basebenze kagesi imoto imoto yaleli klasi.

Ngaphambi kokuthenga i ibhayisikili lantathu kagesi okwakho nsuku zonke ukuya emsebenzini, vakashela iwebhusayithi yehholo ledolobha langakini noma ikhasi le-DMV. Sesha imithethonqubo kokuthi "ugesi wejubane eliphansi amabhayisikili" noma "amabhayisikili amathathu kagesi asemthethweni". Kuthatha imizuzu emihlanu kodwa kungakongela inhlawulo enkulu.

Ingabe I-Electric Trike Street-Street Yakho Esemthethweni Esemthethweni e-U.S.?

Uma ungumnikazi webhizinisi njengekhasimende lami elijwayelekile, uMark, kungenzeka ukuthi ungenisa inqwaba ye Van-type Logistics electric tricycle HPX10 amayunithi okulethwa kwendawo. Udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi emgwaqeni-ngokomthetho.

Ukuze uqinisekise yakho i-electric trike kusemthethweni ukushayela lapho ufika:

1. Qinisekisa Imoto: Qinisekisa ukuthi isilinganiso samandla esiqhubekayo sinjalo 750w noma ngaphansi uma ufuna ukugwema ilayisense nokubhaliswa izithiyo.
2. Qinisekisa Isivinini: Qinisekisa ukuthi umbusi usethelwe 20 mph.
3. Hlola Amalebula: Ukuthobela ibhayisikili likagesi noma i-trike kufanele ibe nelebula engunaphakade ebonisa ukugeleza kwamanzi, isivinini esiphezulu, kanye nekilasi.
4. Ukukhanyisa: Ukusetshenziswa komgwaqo, eyakho trike idinga izibani zangaphambili ezifanele, izibani zangemuva, nezibonisi ezikhanyayo, ezisezingeni kumamodeli ethu.

Uma ukusetshenziswa kwakho okuhlosiwe kusendaweni yangasese (njengekhempasi enkulu yefekthri noma indawo yokungcebeleka), le mithetho yomgwaqo ayisebenzi, futhi ungakhetha amamotho anamandla kakhudlwana. Kodwa emigwaqweni yomphakathi, ukuthobela kuyisihluthulelo.

Okubalulekile Okuthathayo Kokugibela Amageyimu Kagesi e-US

• Incazelo Yenhlangano: An i-electric trike ibhayisikili ngokomthetho uma linamaphedali, ngaphansi kwemoto 750 watts, kanye nesivinini esiphezulu se 20 mph.
• Ayikho Ilayisensi Edingekayo: Ngokuvamile, uma ihlangabezana nemibandela engenhla, awukwenzi lokho badinga ilayisense, ukubhaliswa, noma umshwalense.
• Yazi Ikilasi Lakho: Amaqhinga amaningi Ikilasi 1 (i-pedal-assist) noma Ikilasi lesi-2 (umphimbo). Ukwazi lokhu kukusiza ukuthi wazi ukuthi ungagibela kuphi.
• Imizila Yebhayisikili Abangane: Ngokuvamile unjalo kuvunyelwe ngebhayisikili imizila, kodwa ungangeni umgwaqo oseceleni ukuvikela abahamba ngezinyawo.
• Imithetho Yendawo: Njalo hlola indawo yangakini izimiso zombuso nezedolobha, njengoba zingangeza imithetho eyengeziwe mayelana nezigqoko zokuzivikela, ubudala, kanye nezinto ezithile umkhondo ukufinyelela.
• Ukuphepha Kuqala: Qinisekisa ukuthi imoto yakho iyahlangana I-CPSC amazinga futhi unesidingo izici zokuphepha ukusetshenziswa komgwaqo.