Iloli Elinamasondo Amathathu: Umhlahlandlela Wakho Wekusasa Elihlangene Lezokuthutha zasemadolobheni

Umhlaba wezokuthutha uyashintsha. Njengomnikazi wefekthri osebenze ngokukhethekile ezimotweni zikagesi iminyaka, ngibone isidingo esikhulayo sesixazululo esihlakaniphile, esisebenza kahle sokuzulazula emadolobheni ethu aminyene. Impendulo ayiyona enkulu iloli; incane, ishesha kakhulu. Yilapho i- enamasondo amathathu iloli ingena. Lokhu okuyingqayizivele imoto, inhlanganisela phakathi kwe-a imoto kanye nesithuthuthu, kungaphezu nje kwento entsha. Kuyithuluzi elinamandla lesimanje ezokuthutha zasemadolobheni.

Lo mhlahlandlela ngowomnikazi webhizinisi ocabanga phambili, umphathi wemikhumbi oqondayo ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kusemqoka. Sizohlola ukuthi yini a 3-amasondo iloli ukuthi, isebenza kanjani, nokuthi kungani kungaba ukutshalwa kwezimali okubaluleke kakhulu okwenzayo ekusaseni lebhizinisi lakho. Sizobheka izinhlobo ezahlukene, kusukela emsebenzini wokukhanya Phakamisa kumthuthi wezimpahla ovalelwe ngokugcwele, bese nixoxa ngokuthi lokhu kanjani kuhlangene imoto isilungele ukuguqula ukulethwa kwemayela lokugcina.

Liyini Kahle Iloli Elinamasondo Amathathu?

A enamasondo amathathu iloli iyintengiso eyakhelwe inhloso imoto eyenzelwe ukuthutha impahla. Ngokungafani nezokungcebeleka trike noma a isithuthuthu ngemoto eseceleni, lokhu imoto yakhiwe kusukela phansi ukuze ibe ihhashi lokusebenza. Ihlanganisa izinyathelo ezincane kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-a isithuthuthu ngokusetshenziswa okuncane iloli. Kucabange njengethuluzi elikhethekile lomsebenzi othile: ukuthutha impahla ezindaweni eziminyene zasemadolobheni lapho izimoto ezinkulu zidonsa kanzima.

Idizayini ejwayelekile ifaka umshayeli ikhabethe kanye nombhede wezimpahla noma ibhokisi ngemuva. Sakhe izinkulungwane zalezi zimoto, kanye nesisekelo isakhiwo ihlezi igxile ekwandiseni umthwalo oyikhokhayo kuyilapho inciphisa usayizi. Lokhu akuyona a imoto uzongena ku uhlanga; ukuklama kwayo kuwumsebenzi omsulwa phezu kwefomu.

Owesimanje inguqulo ngokuvamile i kagesi imoto, okuthuthukisa ngokwengeziwe ukufaneleka kwayo ukusetshenziswa kwedolobha ngokuqeda umsindo nokukhipha umoya. Umqondo awumusha—lawa mabhayisikili amathathu asetshenziswayo abe umgogodla wezohwebo ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba amashumi eminyaka. Kodwa manje, ngobuchwepheshe obuthuthukile kanye nesidingo esikhulayo sokusebenza kahle kwempahla, i imoto enamasondo amathathu ithola ukuthuthuka okukhulu futhi ithola izethameli zomhlaba wonke.

Kungani Khetha Ukucushwa Kwamasondo Amathathu Ngaphezu Kwemoto Enamasondo Amane?

Kumnikazi webhizinisi ofana noMark, zonke izinqumo zehlela ekusebenzeni kahle nezindleko. Kungani ungakhetha a imoto ngomunye omncane isondo kunendinganiso imoto noma iveni elincane? Impendulo ilele ezinhlelweni eziyingqayizivele a amasondo amathathu design okunikezwayo kwemisebenzi ethile.

• Izindleko Eziphansi Zokusebenza: A enamasondo amathathu iloli ilula futhi ine-drivetrain elula. Lokhu kusho ukuthi idinga amandla amancane imoto noma injini ukuhambisa okufanayo umthwalo, okuholela ekongeni okukhulu kuphethiloli noma ugesi. Kukhona futhi eyodwa encane isondo ukugcina nokufaka esikhundleni.
• I-Maneuverability: Usayizi omncane futhi uqinile ukuphenduka indawo engaba a 3 amasondo iloli yenze ibe ngumpetha ezindaweni eziminyene. Ingakwazi ukuzulazula emigwaqweni emincane, izindawo zemakethe eziminyene, kanye nezikhumulo eziqinile zokulayisha lapho kungokwesiko iloli noma iveni ngeke likwazi ukulisebenzisa.
• Intengo Eyehlisiwe Yokuthenga: Ubunjiniyela obulula nezinto zokwakha ezimbalwa ezidingekayo kusho ukuthi a imoto enamasondo amathathu ngokuvamile kuthengwa kakhulu kuneyamasondo amane aqhathanisekayo imoto. Lokhu kuvumela amabhizinisi ukuthi akhe izimoto ezinkulu zokutshala imali efanayo.

Lokhu akuphathelene nokushintsha wonke amasondo amane iloli. Kumayelana nokusebenzisa ithuluzi elifanele lomsebenzi. Okwemayela lokugcina ukulethwa kanye ne-intra-city logistics, i enamasondo amathathu iloli ngokuvamile ukukhetha okuhlakaniphile, okongayo.

Ingabe Lezi Zinqola Zihlukaniswa Njengeloli Noma Isithuthuthu?

Lona ngumbuzo obalulekile, njengomthetho ukuhlukaniswa kwe a imoto enamasondo amathathu kuthinta yonke into kusukela ekunikezweni kwelayisensi nokubhaliswa kuya kumshwalense kanye umthethonqubo. Impendulo, ngokukhungathekisayo, ithi: kuya ngokuthi ukuphi kanye nomklamo othize we imoto.

Ezindaweni eziningi, a imoto enamasondo amathathu ihlukaniswa ngokuthi a isithuthuthu. Lokhu ngokuvamile kungenxa yokuthi ayihlangabezani ne federal izidingo zokuphepha zomgibeli imoto, njengokuba namasondo amane, ama-airbag, nama-bumper standards athile. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungaba inzuzo, njengoba isithuthuthu ukuhlukaniswa ingase ifike nezimali eziphansi zokubhalisa. I umgibeli noma umshayeli angase adinge ukugunyazwa okukhethekile kubo ilayisense yomshayeli, noma kwezinye izimo, igcwele ilayisense yesithuthuthu.

Kodwa-ke, njengoba lezi zimoto sezivame kakhulu, ezinye izifunda zizakhela isigaba esisha. Lokhu okusemthethweni indawo empunga iyindawo ebuhlungu kakhulu yabathenga kwamanye amazwe. Njengomkhiqizi, sisebenzisana eduze namakhasimende ethu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imotoIdizayini ihlangabezana nokucacisiwe imfuneko zezwe labo, noma ngabe lihlukaniswa njenge isithuthuthu, a trike, noma esinye isigaba. Kubalulekile ukucwaninga indawo yangakini umthethonqubo ngaphambi kokutshala imali kumkhumbi.

Ukucushwa Kwesondo Kukuthinta Kanjani Ukubamba Nokuzinza?

Ukuhlelwa kwe amasondo amathathu iyisici esibaluleke kakhulu ku ukuphatha futhi ukuzinza kwe iloli. Kunezakhiwo ezimbili eziyinhloko:

1. Ukucushwa kwe-Delta: Lena yi-classic ibhayisikili elinesithathu ukuklama nge isondo elilodwa ngaphambili futhi amasondo amabili ngemuva. Lesi sakhiwo sihle kakhulu ukuthwala kanzima umthwalo ngoba isisindo kwabiwa phezu ububanzi i-axle yangemuva. Inikeza kakhulu ezinzile inkundla, ikakhulukazi ngesivinini esiphansi kuya esimaphakathi. Iningi lezohwebo kanye nezinsiza enamasondo amathathu izimoto, kuhlanganisa nalezi esizenzayo, zisebenzisa i-delta ukumisa. Kulula, kuqinile, futhi kuyabiza kakhulu unjiniyela.
2. Isakhiwo seTadpole: Lo mklamo une amasondo amabili ngaphambili nenye ngemuva. I isakhiwo se-tadpole yaziwa ngokubeka amakhona aphezulu ukuzinza ngesivinini esiphezulu. Uzobona lokhu ekuzijabuliseni kwezemidlalo amaqhinga futhi amabhayisikili. Nakuba inikeza okuhle kakhulu ukuphatha, iyinkimbinkimbi futhi ibiza kakhulu i-chassis ukwakha, okwenza kungabi yinto engavamile ukuthengisa kuphela iloli.

Okokulethwa iloli, lapho ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko kuthwala a umthwalo ngokuphepha nangempumelelo, i i-delta ukumisa (omunye ngaphambili, ababili ngemuva) ukukhetha okuqinisekisiwe futhi okunengqondo. Iletha okubikezelwe ukuphatha kanye namakhono amahle kakhulu okuthwala.

Hlobo Luni Lomthwalo Ongalulindela Elolini Elinamasondo Amathathu?

Lapho abanikazi bamabhizinisi bebuza mayelana nathi enamasondo amathathu izimoto ezithwala impahla, umbuzo wabo wokuqala uhlala umayelana umthwalo wokukhokha. A iloli ayisizi uma ingakwazi ukuthwala inani elinengqondo lempahla. Naphezu kwabo kuhlangene ubukhulu, lezi zimoto ziyakwazi ngokumangalisayo.

Umsebenzi omncane enamasondo amathathu iloli ingase ibe nomthwalo okhokhelwayo umthamo cishe 300-500 kg (660-1100 lbs). Lokhu kulungele izithunywa zendawo, izinsiza zokuletha ukudla, namabhizinisi amancane. Okudumile kwethu I-HJ20 yezimpahla zikagesi ilingana ngokulinganayo kulesi sigaba, inikezela ngesixazululo esiqinile semisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Ngemisebenzi enzima kakhulu, amamodeli we-heavy duty angaba nomthwalo okhokhelwayo ongaphezu kuka-1000 kg (2200 lbs). Lezi zinguqulo ze-beefier zifaka uhlaka oluqinile, olunamandla kakhulu imoto, kanye nohlelo lokumiswa oluthuthukisiwe. Isihluthulelo ukufanisa iloliIkaliwe umthamo ekusebenzeni kwakho okujwayelekile umthwalo. Ilayisha ngokweqile noma yikuphi imoto akuphephile futhi kuholela ekugqokeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngakho ukukhetha imodeli efanele kusukela ekuqaleni kubalulekile empilweni yesevisi ende futhi ekhiqizayo.

Ingabe Izimoto zikagesi ezinamasondo amathathu ziyikusasa lokulethwa?

Yebo, ngaphandle kokungabaza. Ukushintshela ku-an kagesi I-powertrain iyindlela entsha ebaluleke kakhulu yesimanje enamasondo amathathu iloli. An kagesi imoto ifana kahle kakhulu nemvelo yokuqala nokuma yedolobha ukulethwa.

"Injini kagesi ikunikeza i-torque esheshayo, okuyiyona kanye oyidingayo uma uqala lapho umile unomthwalo ogcwele. Isebenza kahle kakhulu, ithule, futhi ishibhile kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa kunanoma iyiphi injini yegesi encane. Mayelana nempahla yasemadolobheni, ishintsha umdlalo." – Allen, Umqondisi Wefekthri

An kagesi 3-amasondo iloli noma EV inikeza izinzuzo ezinkulu eziningana zemikhumbi yezentengiselwano. Izindleko zokusebenza ziphansi ngendlela emangalisayo, kanti ugesi ushibhe kakhulu kunophethiloli. Isondlo sincishiswe kakhulu, njenge kagesi imoto inengxenye eyodwa kuphela ehambayo uma kuqhathaniswa namakhulu endaweni evuthayo injini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zimoto azithuli futhi zikhiqiza i-zero emissions, ezivumela ukuthi zisebenze emadolobheni anemithetho eqinile yezemvelo. Lokhu kwenza i kagesi shayela ukukhetha okucacile kwanoma yiliphi ibhizinisi eligxile ekuzinzeni nasekuzuzeni inzuzo.

Uyini Umehluko Phakathi Kweloli elinamasondo amathathu kanye ne-Autocycle?

Igama elithi "imoto enamasondo amathathu" lihlanganisa izindawo eziningi. Ngenkathi a 3 amasondo iloli iyihhashi lomsebenzi, i ibhayisikili yakhelwe ubumnandi. Kubalulekile ukuqonda umehluko.

An ibhayisikili wuhlobo lwe enamasondo amathathu isithuthuthu lokho kuklanyelwe ukufana nemoto. Izici ezibalulekile ze amabhayisikili zihlanganisa:

• Izilawuli ezifana nemoto: Bane-a isiteringi namaphedali, hhayi izibambo.
• Izihlalo: I umgibeli futhi umgibeli ngokuvamile hlala ngapha nangapha ebhakedeni isihlalo amalungiselelo, hhayi ngemva komunye.
• Inhloso: Zenzelwe ukuzijabulisa nokusebenza, ngezinjini ezinamandla nezomdlalo ukuphatha.

A enamasondo amathathu iloli, ngokuphambene, iwusizo nje kuphela imoto. Ineyodwa isihlalo okomshayeli ku-functional ikhabethe, ngokuvamile ngesibambo sokuqondisa (yize amanye amamodeli anesondo lokuqondisa). Ingemuva lonke le imoto inikezelwe kwimpahla. Ngenkathi i ibhayisikili yin a ingxubevange phakathi kuka-a imoto kanye a isithuthuthu okokuzijabulisa, usizo ibhayisikili elinesithathu yin a ingxubevange phakathi kuka-a isithuthuthu kanye a iloli ngomsebenzi. Bangase babelane a isondo ukubala, kodwa inhloso kanye nomklamo wabo kuhlukene imihlaba.

Lisebenza Kanjani Iloli elinamasondo ama-3 kuthrafikhi esindayo?

Yilapho i- enamasondo amathathu iloli liyakhanya ngempela. Ubukhulu bayo obuhlangene buyinzuzo enkulu ekuzulazuleni emigwaqweni yedolobha evalekile. Ngenkathi iveni yokulethwa kosayizi ogcwele ibhajwe emgqeni we traffic, isidlakela enamasondo amathathu imoto ngokuvamile ingasebenzisa izikhala ezincane nemizila emincane (lapho kuvunyelwe) ukuze iqhubeke nokunyakaza.

Ikhono labo lokwenza amajika aqinile futhi bangene ezindaweni ezincane zokupaka ukuze kulayishwe futhi kulayishwe konga isikhathi esibalulekile kukho konke ukulethwa kokulethwa. Emhlabeni wezokuthutha, imizuzu elondoloziwe ingeza ekukhuleni kokukhiqiza kanye nezindleko eziphansi. Lokhu buchule kunciphisa ukucindezeleka komshayeli futhi kwenza konke ezokuthutha inqubo esebenza kahle kakhudlwana.

Ukubonakala okuhle kakhulu komshayeli isihlalo kuyasiza futhi kuminyene traffic. Ngokungafani neveni elikhulu elinamabala amaningi angaboni, umshayeli we- enamasondo amathathu iloli inombono ocacile wendawo ezizungezile. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukuphepha kumshayeli nabanye abasebenzisi bomgwaqo, okuyenza ibe imoto ekahle endaweni enesiphithiphithi enkabeni yedolobha yesimanje. Lolu hlobo lwasemadolobheni ukuhamba yilokho kanye amakhasimende ethu akubuka ezimotweni ezifana ne Van-type Logistics electric tricycle HPX10.

Ungakwazi yini Ukusebenzisa Imoto Enamasondo Amathathu Emisebenzini Engekho Emgwaqweni?

Nakuba iningi enamasondo amathathu amaloli enzelwe imigwaqo yedolobha egandayiwe, kukhona okukhethekile ngaphandle emgaqweni izinguqulo ezitholakalayo. Lezi zinhlobo zakhelwe ukusetshenziswa emapulazini amakhulu, emanyuvesi, ezindaweni zokwakha nasemapaki. Azidizayinelwe ukukhasa amadwala ngokweqile noma ukugijima emahlathini njengokuzijabulisa ngaphandle emgaqweni isithuthuthu.

An ngaphandle emgaqweni usizo trike izofaka ukuthuthukiswa okubalulekile okuningana:

• Amathayi Aqinile: Afika nama-knobby, amathayi abanzi ahlinzeka kangcono ukudonsa ukungcola, amatshe, notshani.
• Ukumiswa Okuthuthukisiwe: Isistimu yokulengiswa yakhelwe ukumunca amaqhubu kanye nezwe elimahhadlahhadla, iqinisekisa ukushelela gibela kanye nokuvikela imoto kanye nempahla yayo.
• Ukwakhiwa Okuqinile: Uhlaka nombhede wezimpahla ziyaqiniswa ukuze zimelane nengcindezi eyengeziwe yendawo engalingani.

Lezi zimoto ziyithuluzi elihle lemisebenzi edinga amathuluzi ahambayo, okokusebenza, noma abasebenzi ezindaweni ezinkulu, ezingagandayiwe. Bahlinzeka ngempahla eyengeziwe umthamo kune-ATV futhi iyakwazi ukulawuleka kuneyendabuko Phakamisa iloli. Bafakazela ukuguquguquka okumangalisayo kwe amasondo amathathu platform, inweba ukusetshenziswa kwayo kude nemingcele yedolobha. Kungenzeka futhi ukuba ne-a umgibeli inguqulo kule misebenzi, njengokuguquguquka kwethu I-EV5 Electric abagibeli bamabhayisikili amathathu.

Yini Okufanele Uyibheke Ekhabetheni Negiya Lebhayisikili Elihamba Ngamasondo Amathathu?

Emotweni ezosetshenziswa usuku lonke, indawo yomshayeli ibaluleke ngendlela emangalisayo. A eklanywe kahle ikhabethe kuthuthukisa umshayeli induduzo, ukuphepha, nokusebenza kahle. Ngenkathi ikhabethe lika-a enamasondo amathathu iloli ngokuvamile ilula futhi iyasebenza, kunezici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile okufanele uzibheke.

Isivikelo uphahla kanye ne-windshield kubalulekile ukuvikela umshayeli elangeni nasemvuleni. I isihlalo kufanele kube ntofontofo futhi ilungiseke, futhi izilawuli kufanele zibe endaweni okufinyeleleka kalula kuyo. Ideshibhodi kufanele inikeze ulwazi olucacile, oluhlanganisa isivinini, ububanzi, futhi ibhethri izinga. Amanye amamodeli angase anikeze phambili oyedwa igiya kanye nokuhlehla, kuyilapho ezinye zingase zibe nokudluliswa okuyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ubulula ngokuvamile bungcono kakhulu kwezohwebo imoto.

Bheka izici ezisebenzayo njengokukhanya okuhle komsebenzi wasekuseni noma wakusihlwa, iminyango eqinile (uma ivalekile ikhabethe inguqulo), nezibuko ezinikeza umbono ocacile wengemuva. Umshayeli onethezekile nophephile ungumshayeli okhiqizayo. Izinga le ikhabethe iyinkomba ecacile yokuthi umenzi uyaziqonda yini izidingo zomhlaba wangempela ze- ezentengiso umsebenzisi.

Okuthathwayo Okubalulekile

• Inhloso-Eyakhelwe Umsebenzi: A enamasondo amathathu iloli iyintengiso imoto yakhelwe ukuhlanganisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-a isithuthuthu ngokusetshenziswa kwe-a iloli.
• Ukusebenza kahle Kungukhiye: Banikezela ngezindleko eziphansi zokuthenga, zokusebenza, nezokulungisa uma kuqhathaniswa nenamasondo amane imoto noma iveni, okubenza balungele ukuhanjiswa kwedolobha.
• I-Delta ingeyomsebenzi: I i-delta ukumisa (isondo elilodwa ngaphambili, ababili ngemuva) iyindinganiso yokusetshenziswa kwezentengiselwano ngenxa yokuzinza kwayo okuhle kakhulu kokuthwala umthwalo.
• Ugesi uyikusasa: An kagesi I-powertrain ifana kahle kakhulu nokulethwa iloli, inikeza ukusebenza okuthulile, okungakhiphi kanye netorque esheshayo.
• Hlola Imithethonqubo: Ezomthetho ukuhlukaniswa kwe a imoto enamasondo amathathu kuyahlukahluka ngesifunda; njalo cwaninga ngemithetho yendawo emayelana nokunikezwa kwelayisensi nokubhaliswa.
• Ithuluzi elilungile lomsebenzi: Lokhu kuhlangene imoto lidlula esindayo traffic kanye nezikhala eziqinile, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuphezulu kumamayela wokugcina ukulethwa futhi ezokuthutha zasemadolobheni.