Kungani izimoto zikagesi zaseChina zishibhile?

Imakethe kagesi (ev) ikhule i-exponentiation eminyakeni yamuva nje, neChina ephuma njengomdlali ovelele. Izimoto zikagesi zaseChinese (evs) zithole idumela lokubiza kakhulu kunezilinganiselwa zazo zaseNtshonalanga, zibenze bakhange kakhulu kubathengi emhlabeni wonke. Kepha kungani amaShayina e-EVS eshibhile? Impendulo ilele ekuhlanganiseni kokukhiqiza amasu, ukusekelwa kukahulumeni, nokusebenza kokuthengwa kwamathempeli.

1. Umnotho wesilinganiso ekwakheni

I-China ngumkhiqizi omkhulu emhlabeni wezimoto zikagesi, ezinohlobo lwe-Byd, uNio, kanye neXpeng ehola icala. Isikali esikhulu sokukhiqizwa sinikeza abakhiqizi baseChinese kube yinzuzo yezindleko. Ukukhiqizwa okukhulu okuvumela:

• Izindleko eziphansi zeyunithi ngayinye:Izimoto eziningi ezikhiqizwayo, ezansi izindleko ezinqunyelwe zisatshalaliswa amayunithi aphesheya.
• Izinqubo ezihleliwe:Amasu okukhiqiza afanele athuthukisiwe futhi aphelelisiwe, anciphisa imfucuza nesikhathi.

Ngamakethe enkulu yasekhaya, abenzi be-EV CHINSE EV bangakhiqiza izimoto ngamanani aphezulu, ukushayela izindleko kakhulu.

2. Izikhuthazo zikahulumeni kanye noxhaso

Uhulumeni waseChina utshale imali eningi ekukhuthazeni ukwamukelwa kwe-EV, enikela ngemixhaso kanye nezinkuthazo kubo bobabili abakhiqizi nakubathengi. Lezi zinqubomgomo zifaka:

• Izinzuzo zentela:Ukunciphisa noma ukuqedwa kwentela yokuthengisa yabathengi be-EV.
• Uxhaso lomkhiqizi:Ukuxhaswa okuqondile kwezezimali kubakhiqizi be-EV kusiza izindleko zokukhiqiza.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda:Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwingqalasizinda yokushaja kunciphisa izindleko zabakhiqizi futhi kuqinise ukwamukelwa kwabathengi.

Lezi zinceku zinciphisa umthwalo wezezimali kubakhiqizi, zibenze bakwazi ukubiza izimoto zabo ngokuncintisana.

3. Ukusebenza okungabizi kakhulu

Izindleko zabasebenzi eChina ngokuvamile ziphansi kunasemazweni asentshonalanga. Ngenkathi ama-automation edlala indima enkulu e-EV ekwenziweni, umsebenzi wabantu usadingeka emhlanganweni, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi, nezinye izinqubo. Izindleko zabasebenzi eziphansi zaseChina zinomthelela ekunciphiseni izindleko zokukhiqiza, okuvumela abakhiqizi ukuthi badlule kulondolozo kubathengi.

I-4. Ukuhlanganiswa okuqondile ku-Supply Chain

Abakhiqizi base-Chinese eV bavame ukwamukela ukuhlanganiswa okuthe mpo, lapho belawula khona izigaba eziningi zenqubo yokukhiqiza. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinto zokwakha eziluhlaza, ukukhiqiza amabhethri, nezimoto zokubuthana.

• Ukukhiqizwa Kwebhethri:I-China ngumholi wembulunga yonke ekukhiqizeni ibhethri, ekhiqiza ngaphezu kwama-70% amabhethri omhlaba we-lithium-ion. Izinkampani ezinjenge-Catl zinikezela amabhethri asezingeni eliphakeme ngezindleko eziphansi, okunikeza abenzi be-EV CHINSE EV onqenqemeni olubalulekile.
• Ukufinyelela Okubonakalayo Okungavuthiwe:I-China ithole ukufinyelela kwezinto ezibucayi ezingabucayi njenge-lithium, i-cobalt, kanye ne-nickel, ukunciphisa ukuncika kwezindleko nokuzinza.

Lokhu kutholwa okuhambisanayo kunciphise abameli futhi kunciphisa izindleko, okwenza ama-evs aseChina ashibhile.

I-5. Imiklamo eyenziwe lula yokungabizi

I-EVS yaseChinese ivame ukugxila ekusebenzeni nasekushintshishelwe, okubhekiswe kwabathengi bemakethe enkulu.

• Amamodeli we-Compact:Ama-EV amaningi ama-Chinese ancanyana futhi aklanyelwe ukuhamba emadolobheni, okuthi izindleko zokukhiqiza zehlisa.
• Izici ezimbi:Izinhlobo zamazinga okungena ngokungena zivame ukuza nezici ezimbalwa zokunethezeka, zibenze bafinyeleleke kalula kubathengi abakwazi isabelomali.

Ngokubeka phambili imiklamo engokoqobo neyabiza kakhulu, abakhiqizi baseChina bangagcina amanani aphansi ngaphandle kokuyekethisa ngekhwalithi.

I-6. Ukusungula okusha kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe

Imboni ye-EV yaseChina izuza kusuka ekusungulweni okusheshayo kwezobuchwepheshe, okuvumela abakhiqizi ukuthi bathuthukise izixazululo ezingezenzeki. Ngokwesibonelo:

• Ukusungulwa kwebhethri:Ukuthuthuka ku-Battery Chemistry, njenge-Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP), ukunciphisa izindleko ngenkathi kugcinwa ukusebenza.
• Ukuma okujwayelekile:Ukugxila embonini ezakhiweni ezijwayelekile kunciphisa izincomo zokuba yinkimbinkimbi kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza.

Lokhu okusha kwenza amaShayina EVS ashibhile futhi ancintisane ngokuya ngokusebenza.

7. Amasu okuthekelisa kanye nokunwetshwa komhlaba wonke

Abakhiqizi base-Chinese eV bavame ukuthatha amasu amanani anolaka ukuze angenele izimakethe zomhlaba wonke. Ngokunikela ngamanani aphansi kunabaqhudelana baseNtshonalanga, babamba isabelo semakethe nokwakha ukuqashelwa komkhiqizo. Ngokwengeziwe, amandla abo okukhiqiza esikalini abenza bakwazi ukuncintisana ngempumelelo ezifundeni ezibucayi ngamanani.

8. Ukumaketha okuphansi kanye nezindleko zokufaka uphawu

Ngokungafani nezezimoto zaseNtshonalanga, ezivame ukutshala imali kakhulu ekukhazeni kanye nokwakhiwa komkhiqizo, abakhiqizi baseChina bagxila kakhulu ekusebenzeni komkhiqizo nokusebenza. Le ndlela inciphisa izindleko eziphezulu, ukuvumela izinkampani ukuthi zibambe izimoto zazo zincintisana.

IZINSELELE NOKUTHENGANgenkathi amaShayina e-Evs eshibhile, kukhona abanye abathengi abangakubona:

• Ukukhathazeka kwekhwalithi:Ngenkathi abaningi baseChina benziwe kahle, amanye amamodeli wesabelomali angeke ahlangabezane nezinga elifanayo noma amazinga okuphepha njengemikhiqizo yaseNtshonalanga.
• Izici Ezikhawulelwe:Amamodeli wokungena angenayo angaswele izici ezithuthukile nezinketho zikanokusho ezitholakala kubancintisana abanentengo ephakeme.
• Umbono wembulunga yonke:Abanye abathengi bangahle banqikaze ukuthembana nemikhiqizo emisha yaseChina uma kuqhathaniswa nabathengisi baseNtshonalanga abasungula.

Ukugcina

Izimoto zikagesi zaseChinese zishibhile ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwezinto, kufaka phakathi nezomnotho zesikali, ukusekelwa kukahulumeni, ukusebenza kwezidingo zokuhlinzekwa kwezindleko, nezindlela zokukhiqiza ezisebenza ngezindleko. Lezi zinzuzo zinikeze amandla abenzi be-EV CHINESE ukuthi balawule imakethe yasekhaya futhi bandise emhlabeni jikelele. Ngenkathi ukunikezwa kuyiphuzu lokuthengisa elibalulekile, abakhiqizi baseChina bathuthukisa ikhwalithi nokusebenza kwezimoto zabo ukuncintisana ngezinga lomhlaba wonke. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-EVS yaseChina ayitholakali nje kuphela kepha iya ngokuya incintisana emakethe evelayo evelayo evelayo.